Environmental impact assessment of irrigation and drainage
projectsEnvironmental impact assessment of irrigation and drainage
projects
by
T.C. Dougherty
A.W. Hall
HR Wallingford
United Kingdom
53 FAO IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE PAPER
| The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. |
M-56
ISBN 92-5-103731 -0
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy.
© FAO 1995
The need for environmental assessment
Objective
Using the guide
Chapter 2: The context of environmental analysis
Policy framework
Social context
Institutional framework and EIA
Legal framework for EIA
Building institutional capacityTo carry out an EIA
To implement the recommendations of an EIA
Resources
Screening
Scoping
Prediction and mitigation
Management and monitoring
Auditing
Public participation
Managing uncertainty
TechniquesBaseline studies
The ICID Check-list
Matrices
Network diagrams
Overlays
Mathematical modelling
Expert advice
Economic techniques
Chapter 4: Major impacts of irrigation and drainage projects
Low flow regime
Flood regime
Operation of dams
Fall of water table
Rise of water tableSolute dispersion
Toxic substances
Agrochemical pollution
Anaerobic effects
Gas emissionsSoil properties and safety erects
Soil salinity
Soil properties
Saline groundwater
Saline drainage
Saline intrusionLocal erosion
Hinterland effect
River morphology
Channel structures
Sedimentation
Estuary erosionBiological and ecological change
Project lands
Water bodies
Surrounding area
Valleys and shores
Wetlands and plainsPopulation change
Income and amenity
Human migration
Resettlement
Women's role
Minority groups
Sites of value
Regional effects
User involvement
RecreationDisease ecology
Specific risks and counter measures
Health opportunities
Chapter 5: Preparation of terms of reference